1926: “in recognition of his investigation into the 
properties of matter at low temperatures which led, 
amongst other things, to the production of liquid 
helivwm.”’ 
The prize for the year 1914 was awavded to: 
voN LAUE, Max, professor at the University of 
Frankfort-on-Main, born 1879; “for his discovery 
of the defraction of Rointgen rays on passing 
through crystals.” 
I'he prize for the year 1915 was divided equally between : 
Brace, W. H., professor at the University of Lon- 
don, born 1862: and his son: 
Bragg, W. L., professor at the Victoria University of 
Manchester, born 1890; “for their services in the 
analysis of crystal structure, by means of X-rays.” 
The prize for the year 1916 was allocated to the special 
fund for this gvoud of brizes. 
The prize for the year 1917 was awarded in 1918 lo: 
BarkrLA, CHARLES G., professor at the University of 
Edinburgh, born 1877; “for his discovery of the 
characteristic Rontgen vadiation of the elements.” 
The prize for the year 1918 was awarded in 1919 to: 
PLaNCK, MAX, professor at the University of Berlin, 
born 1858; “in recognition of the sevvices rendered 
by him to the development of physics, by his dis- 
coveries in commection with the quantum theory.” 
The prize jor the year 1919 was awarded lo: 
STARK, JOHANNES, professor at the University of 
Greifswald, born 1874; “for his discovery of the 
Doppler effect in Canal rays, and of the decompo- 
sition of spectrum lines by electric fields.”